Home
Penland, J. (11 November 2006). No Fish by 2050. ScienCentral News. Retrieved 21 November 2007, from the World Wide Web: http://www.sciencentral.com/articles/view.php3?type=article&article_id=218392867
The Problem
Kurlansky, M. (1998). Cod: A Biography of the Fish That Changed the World. Random House of Canada.
Past
Anderson, James L. (2004). Fisheries. Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia Standard.
Cybriwsky, Roman. A., Peter Duus, John O. Haley, Richard Katz, and Paul Varley. (2004). Japan. In Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia Standard
Kassebaum, David. (1997). Cod War: Iceland Fishing and Territorial Water Dispute with the UK. Retrieved November 21, 2007, from: http://www.american.edu/TED/icefish.htm
Kurlansky, Mark. (1997). Cod: A Biography of the Fish that Changed the World. USA: Walker Publishing Company, Inc.
Macmillan Reference USA. (2006). Fishing Industry-Japan. Encyclopedia of Modern Asia.
Orr, James W. (2004). Fish. Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia Standard.
Present
Ahmed, M., Delgado, C.L., Meijer, S., Rosegrant, M.W., Wada, N. (2003). The Future of Fish: Issues and Trends to 2020. International Food Policy Research Insitute and WorldFish Center. Retrieved 18 November 2007, from the World Wide Web: http://www.ifpri.org.
Benitah, M. (June 2004). Ongoing WTO Negotiations on Fisheries SUbsidies. ASIL Insights, 1-3.
Block, B. A., Dewar, H., Farwell, C., & Prince, E. D. (1998). A New Satellite Technology for Tracking the Movements of Atlantic Bluefin Tuna. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 95(16), 9384-9389. Retrieved November 23, 2007, from http://mv.ezproxy.com.ezproxy.canberra.edu.au/sici?sici=0027-8424%2819980804%2995%3A16%3C9384%3AANSTFT%3E2.0.CO%3B2-J
Brehmer, P., Lafont, T., Georgakarakos, S., Josse, E., Gerlotto, F., & Collet, C. (2006). Omnidirectional Multibeam SONAR Monitoring: Applications in Fisheries Science. Fish and Fisheries, 7(3), 165-179. Retrieved November 22, 2007, from http://www.blackwell-synergy.com.ezproxy.canberra.edu.au/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1467-2979.2006.00218.x
Brown, J. and Macfadyen, G. (2007). Ghost Fishing in European Waters: Impacts and Management Responses. Marine Policy, 31(4), 488-504.
Clemmitt, M. (4 November 2005). Saving the oceans. CQ Researcher, 15, 933-956. Retrieved November 21, 2007, from CQ Researcher Online: http://library.cqpress.com.ezproxy.canberra.edu.au/cqresearcher/cqresrre2005110400.
Coleman, F.C., Figueira, W.F., Ueland, J.S., & Crowder, L.B. (2004). The Impact of United States Recreational Fisheries on Marine Fish Populations. Science, 305, 1958-1960.
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. (2007). Appendices I, II, and III. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from http://www.cites.org/eng/app/appendices.shtml.
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. (2007). The CITES Appendices. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from http://www.cites.org/eng/app/index.shtml.
Desombre, E.R. (2005). Fishing Under Flags of Convenience: Using Market Power to Increase Compliance with International Regulations. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Duke University. Mining vs. Farming: The International State of the Fisheries. Retrieved 17 November 2007, from the World Wide Web: http://www.biology.duke.edu/bio217/2002/fish/state.html.
Elzinga, Salzer, Willoughby, & Gibbs. Measuring and Monitoring Plant and Animal Populations. Malden, MA: Blackwell Science.
The European Commission. (14 March 2005). Fisheries and Maritime Affairs. Received 21 November 2007, from http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/fisheries/missn_en.htm.
Finding Nemo...and Eating Him: The Failure of the United Nations to Force Internalization of the Negative Social Costs that Result from Overfishing. Washington University. Retrieved November 22, 2007, from: http://law.wustl.edu/wugslr/issues/volume5_2/p381Cantrell.pdf
Fishing Methods (n.d.). Retrieved September 13, 2007, from: http://www.starfish.govt.nz/science/facts/fact-methods.htm.
Fishing methods (n.d.). Retrieved September 13, 2007, from http://www.fishonline.org/site/www/caught_at_sea/methods.
Gabriel, O., ed. (2005). Fish catching methods of the world. Oxford, UK; Ames, IA: Blackwell Publishing.
ICES. (2005). Joint Report of the Study Group on Unaccounted Fishing Mortality (SGUFM) and the Workshop on Unaccounted Fishing Mortality (WKUFM). Aberdeen, UK: International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. Retrieved November 22, 2007, from http://www.ices.dk/reports/FTC/2005/SGUFM05.pdf.
Gerlotto, F., Soria, M., & Freon, P. (1999). From two dimensions to three: The use of multibeam sonar for a new approach in fisheries acoustics. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 56(1), 6.
Godo, O., & Michalsen, K. (2000). Migratory Behavior of North-East Arctic Cod, Studied by use of Data Storage Tags. Fisheries Research, 48, 127-140. Retrieved November 23, 2007,
ICES. (2005). Report of the Workshop on Survey Design and Data Analysis. Sete, FR: International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. Retrieved November 21, 2007, from http://www.ices.dk/reports/FTC/2005/WKSAD05.pdf.
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. "About us - What do we do?" Retrieved 15 November 2007, from: http://www.ices.dk/aboutus/aboutus.asp.
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. (2002). The ICES Strategic Plan. Copenhagen, DK. Retrieved 15 November 2007, from: http://www.ices.dk/iceswork/strategic%20plan-final.pdf.
ICES. (2006). Report on the Study Group on Collection of Acoustic Data from Fishing Vessels. Hobart, Tasmania: International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. Retrieved November 21, 2007, from http://www.ices.dk/reports/FTC/2006/SGAFV06.pdf.
ICES. (2006). Report of the ICES Advisory Committee on Fishery Management, Advisory Committee on the Marine Environment and Advisory Committee on Ecosystems.
International Fund for Animal Welfare. (2006). 82% of young people in Iceland never eat whale meat. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from http://www.ifaw.org/ifaw/general/default.aspx?oid=178538 .
INTERNATIONAL PLAN OF ACTION TO PREVENT, DETER AND ELIMINATE ILLEGAL, UNREPORTED AND UNREGULATED FISHING. (2001). Retrieved November 22, 2007, from http://www.fao.org/DOCREP/003/y1224e/y1224e00.HTM.
International Seabed Authority. (2007). Retrieved 21 November 2007, from the World Wide Web: http://www.isa.org.jm/en/about.
International Whaling Commission. (2007). Catch Limits. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from: http://www.iwcoffice.org/conservation/catches.htm.
International Whaling Commission. (2007). Commission Information. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from: http://www.iwcoffice.org/commission/iwcmain.htm.
International Whaling Commission. (2007). Scientific Permits. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from: http://www.iwcoffice.org/conservation/permits.htm.
Jensen, A. L. (1975). Comparison of Logistic Equations for Population Growth. Biometrics, 31(4), 853-862. Retrieved November 23, 2007, from http://links.jstor.org.ezproxy.canberra.edu.au/sici?sici=0006-341X%28197512%2931%3A4%3C853%3ACOLEFP%3E2.0.CO%3B2-Z.
Jones, J. B. (1992). Environmental impact of trawling on the seabed: a review. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 26, 59-67.
Kura, Y., Revenga, C., Hoshino, E., & Mock, G. (2004). Fishing for Answers: Making Sense of the Global Fish Crisis. World Resources Institute.
Laist, D.W. (1996). Marine Debris Entanglement and Ghost Fishing: A Cryptic and Significant type of Bycatch?. Alaska Sea Grant College Program, Fairbanks, AK. p.33-40.
Lucas, M., & Baras, E. (2000). Methods for Studying Spatial Behaviour of Freshwater Fishes in the Natural Environment. Fish and Fisheries, 1, 283-316.
Marine Resources Assessment Group (2000). Impact of Fisheries Subsidies on Developing Countries. Retrieved November 23, 2007 from: http://www.onefish.org/servlet/BinaryDownloaderServlet?filename=1079973819915_DFIDSUMMARYNOV2000.doc&refID=20413.
Matsuoka, T., Nakashima, T., & Nagasawa, N. (2005). A Review of Ghost Fishing: Scientific Approaches to Evaluation and Solutions. Fisheries Science, 71(4), 691-702.
Milazzo, M. (2000). The World Bank: Subsidies in World Fisheries: A Re-examination. Technical Paper, No. 406, 4-6.
National Geographic News. (15 May 2003). Big-Fish Stocks Fall 90 Percent Since 1950, Study Says. Retrieved 21 November 2007, from: http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2003/05/0515_030515_fishdecline.html.
National Ocean and Atmospheric Administration, Fisheries Statistics Division. (2007). By the Numbers: Saltwater Fishing Facts for 2006. from: http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/sfa/PartnershipsCommunications/recfish/BytheNumbers2006.pdf.
NOAA. Research Vessel Surveys. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association. Retrieved November 21, 2007, from http://www.nefsc.noaa.gov/esb/why_nefsc_surveys.htm.
NOAA Fisheries Service. (6 August 2007). Annual Commercial Landing Statistics. Retrieved 17 November 2007, from: http://www.st.nmfs.noaa.gov/st1/commercial/landings/annual_landings.html.
Oceans and Law of the Sea: Division for Ocean Affairs and Law of the Sea. (23 October 2007). United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982. Retrieved 12 November 2007, from: http://www.un.org/Depts/los/convention_agreements/convention_overview_convention.htm.
Pennington, M., & Volstad, J. H. (1994). Assessing the Effect of Intra-Haul Correlation and Variable Density on Estimates of Population Characteristics from Marine Surveys. Biometrics, 50(3), 725-732. Retrieved November 23, 2007, from http://links.jstor.org.ezproxy.canberra.edu.au/sici?sici=0006-341X%28199409%2950%3A3%3C725%3AATEOIC%3E2.0.CO%3B2-K.
The Pew Charitable Trust. Pew Oceans Commission. Retrieved 21 November 2007, from: http://www.pewtrusts.org/our_work.aspx?category=128.
Roussel, J., Haro, A., & Cunjak, R. (2000). Field Test of a New Method for Tracking Small Fishes in Shallow Rivers Using Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) Technology. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, 57.
Safina, C. (n.d.). Scorched-Earth Fishing. Retrieved September 27, 2007, from: http://issues.org/14.3/safina.htm .
Schrank, W. (2003). Introducing Fisheries Subsidies. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, 437, 1-5.
Schwarz, C. J., Schweigert, J. F., & Arnason, A. N. (1993). Estimating Migration Rates Using Tag-Recovery Data. Biometrics, 49(1), 177-193. Retrieved November 23, 2007, from http://mv.ezproxy.com.ezproxy.canberra.edu.au/sici?sici=0006-341X%28199303%2949%3A1%3C177%3AEMRUTD%3E2.0.CO%3B2-Z.
ScienCentral News. (11 November 2006). No Fish by 2050. Retrieved 21 November 2007, from: http://www.sciencentral.com/articles/view.php3?type=article&article_id=218392867.
Sumaila, U.R. & Pauly, D. (2006). "Catching More Bait: A Bottom-up Re-estimation of Global Fisheries Subsidies." Retrieved November 23, 2007, from http://www.oceana.org/fileadmin/oceana/uploads/dirty_fishing/cut_the_bait/2007_Subs_outreach_kit/Pauly___Sumaila_Report_on_Subsidies_Oct06.pdf
Verrengia, J. (DATE) Nearly 1,000 whales drowning in fishing nets: study. Retrieved September 13, 2007, from: http://www.eurocbc.org/bycatch_death_toll_may_exceed_1000_cetaceans_daily_15june2003page1156.html .
Swain, A., & Caradine, P. E. (1960). An International Tagging Test with Salmon (Salmo Salar L.) Smolts. Nature, 188, 206-207. Retrieved November 23, 2007
Worm, B., Barbier, E.B., Beaumont, N., Duffy, J.E., Folke, C., Halpern, B.S., Jackson, J.B.C., Lotze, H.K., Micheli, F., Palumbi, S.R., Sala, E., Selkoe, K.A., Stachowicz, J.J., Watson, R. (3 November 2006). Impacts of Biodiversity Loss on Ocean Ecosystem Services. Science Magazine, 314, 787-790. Retrieved 19 October 2007, from: http://www.sciencemag.org.ezproxy.canberra.edu.au/cgi/content/full/314/5800/787?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&fulltext=impacts+of+biodiversity+loss&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=0&resourcetype=HWCIT
Business as Usual
Antarctica does Acid - global warming, ocean acidification, and the Southern Ocean. (2006). Tasmedia.org. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from: http://www.tasmedia.org/node/1214 .
Ahmed, M., Delgado, C.L., Meijer, S., Rosegrant, M.W., Wada, N. (2003). The Future of Fish: Issues and Trends to 2020. International Food Policy Research Insitute and WorldFish Center. Retrieved 18 November 2007, from the World Wide Web: http://www.ifpri.org.
Carlowicz, M. (2007). Will the Ocean Circulation Be Unbroken? Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from the World Wide Web: http://www.whoi.edu/oceanus/viewImage.do?id=56736&aid=33286.
Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. (2001). Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from http://www.grida.no/climate/ipcc_tar/wg1/348.htm.
Duke University. Mining vs. Farming: The International State of the Fisheries. Retrieved 17 November 2007, from the World Wide Web: http://www.biology.duke.edu/bio217/2002/fish/state.html .
Follows, M. J., Dutkiewicz, S., Grant, S., & Chisholm, S. W. (2007). Emergent Biogeography of Microbial Communities in a Model Ocean. Science,3 15(5820), 1843-1846. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from: http://www.sciencemag.org.ezproxy.canberra.edu.au/cgi/content/abstract/315/5820/1843 
Harley, C. D. G., et all (2006). The Impacts of Climate Change in Coastal Marine Systems. Ecology Letters, 9, 228-241.
Joyce, T., Bice, K., Curry, R., Doney, S., & Winsor, P. (2007). Global Warming Q&A : Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from http://www.whoi.edu/page.do?pid=12457&tid=282&cid=13366
Mathews-Amos, A., & Berntson, E. A. (1999). Turning Up the Heat: How Global Warming Threatens Life in the Sea.
National Marine Fisheries Service. (2006). Per Capita Consumption. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 18 November 2007, from: http://www.st.nmfs.noaa.gov/st1/fus/fus06/08_perita2006.pdf.
U.S. Department of Labor: Bureau of Labor Statistics. (4 August 2006). Fishers and Fishing Vessel Operators. Retrieved 16 November 2007, from: http://www.bls.gov/oco/ocos177.htm.
ScienCentral News. (11 November 2006). No Fish by 2050. Retrieved 21 November 2007, from: http://www.sciencentral.com/articles/view.php3?type=article&article_id=218392867.
Worm, B., Barbier, E.B., Beaumont, N., Duffy, J.E., Folke, C., Halpern, B.S., Jackson, J.B.C., Lotze, H.K., Micheli, F., Palumbi, S.R., Sala, E., Selkoe, K.A., Stachowicz, J.J., Watson, R. (3 November 2006). Impacts of Biodiversity Loss on Ocean Ecosystem Services. Science Magazine, 314, 787-790. Retrieved 19 October 2007, from: http://www.sciencemag.org.ezproxy.canberra.edu.au/cgi/content/full/314/5800/787?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&fulltext=impacts+of+biodiversity+loss&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=0&resourcetype=HWCIT
A Better Way
Worm, B., Barbier, E.B., Beaumont, N., Duffy, J.E., Folke, C., Halpern, B.S., Jackson, J.B.C., Lotze, H.K., Micheli, F., Palumbi, S.R., Sala, E., Selkoe, K.A., Stachowicz, J.J., Watson, R. (3 November 2006). Impacts of Biodiversity Loss on Ocean Ecosystem Services. Science Magazine, 314, 787-790. Retrieved 19 October 2007, from: http://www.sciencemag.org.ezproxy.canberra.edu.au/cgi/content/full/314/5800/787[\
].
International Cooperation
-- (1999). The Role of Regional Fishery Bodies in Conservation and Management of Resources. Food and Agriculture Organization. Retrieved 17 November 2007, from: http://www.fao.org/fi/website/MultiQueryAction.do?.
-- (2004). Alaska Pollock Marketing Group Says MSC Certification will Strengthen Marketing Efforts. Retrieved
-- (2007). About MSC. Retrieved on November 18, 2007, from http://www.msc.org/html/content_462.htm.
-- Global Aquaculture Alliance: Best Aquaculture Practices. Retrieved November 21, 2007 from http://www.msc.org/HTML_support/logo.gif
Benitah, M. (June 2004). Ongoing WTO Negotiations on Fisheries SUbsidies. ASIL Insights, 1-3.
Borger, J. (2001, March 29). Bush Kills Global Warming Treaty. The Guardian Unlimited: http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2001/mar/29/globalwarming.usnews.
Cornwall, W. (2007, October 29). Seattle Meets Kyoto Global-Warming Targets. The Seattle Times: http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2003982047_webkyoto29m.html.
Division of Ocean Affairs and the Law of the Sea. (10 December 1984). United Nations Convention on The Law of the Sea. Retrieved 12 November 2007, from: http://www.un.org/Depts/los/convention_agreements/convention_overview_convention.htm.
Doerr, J. (2006, September 3). California's Global-Warming Solution. Time Magazine: http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1531324,00.html.
EarthNet's "DriftNetwork" Program. International Law Governing Driftnet Fishing on the High Seas. Retrieved 16 November 2007, from: http://www.earthtrust.org/dnpaper/intllaw.html.
Gunther, M. (2006). "Saving Seafood: Wal-Mart has unsentimental business reasons for promoting sustainable fishing practices." CNNMoney.com Retrieved November 22, 2007, from http://money.cnn.com/2006/07/25/news/companies/pluggedin_gunther_fish.fortune/index.htm.
International Fund for Animal Welfare. (2007). Iceland signals an end to its commercial whaling enterprise due to lack of consumer demand. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from http:///www.ifaw.org/ifaw/general/default.aspx?oid=220372.
International Whaling Commission. (2007). Commission Information. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from http://www.iwcoffice.org/commission/iwcmain.htm.
International Whaling Commission. (2007). Scientific Permits. Retrieved 19 November 2007, from: http://www.iwcoffice.org/conservation/permits.htm.
International Whaling Commission. (2007). Whale Population Estimates. Retrieved 19 November 2007, from: http://www.iwcoffice.org/conservation/estimate.htm.
International Whaling Commission. (2007). Whale Sanctuaries. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from http://www.iwcoffice.org/conservation/sanctuaries.htm.
Koh, T.T.B. A Constitution for the Oceans. Retrieved 12 November 2007, from the UN Division of Ocean Affairs and the Law of the Sea: http://www.un.org/Depts/los/convention_agreements/convention_overview_convention.htm.
Milazzo, M. (2000). The World Bank: Subsidies in World Fisheries: A Re-examination. Technical Paper, No. 406, 4-6.
MSC Executive. (2005). Information Sheet 4: Costs Explained. Retrieved November 22, 2007, from http://www.msc.org/assets/docs/fishery_certification/InfoSheet4_Costs.pdf.
Muller, George C. (2007). Timeline of Commercial Whaling. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from http://www.cgeorgemuller.com/timeline.htm. .
Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative: An Initiative of the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic States of the U.S. Retrieved 16 November 2007, from: http://www.rggi.org/index.htm.
Schrank, W. (2003). Introducing Fisheries Subsidies. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, 437, 1-5United Nations Division for Sustainable Development. (2004). Agenda 21, Chapter 34. Retrieved 21 November 2007, from: http://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/documents/agenda21/english/agenda21chapter34.htm.
Teisl, M.F., Roe, B. & Hicks, R.L. (2001). "Can Eco-labels Tune a Market? Evidence from Dolphin-Safe Labeling." Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Vol 43.
Wessels, C.R., Donath, H. & Johnston, R.J. (1999). "U.S. Consumer Preferances for Ecolabeled Seafood: Results of a Consumer Survey." Retrieved November 21, 2007, from http://www.uri.edu/cels/enre/docs_CRoheim/ecolabel.pdf
Fisheries Management
Aquaculture
Technology
Marine Protected Areas
Abesamis R. A., Russ G. R., Alcala A. C. (2006).Gradients of abundance of fish across no-take marine reserve boundaries: evidence from Philippine coral reefs. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 16: 349-371.
Agardy, M. T. (1997). Marine Protected Areas and Ocean Conservation. San Diego,California: Academic Press
Agardy, M.T., Bridgewater, P., Crosby, M. P., Day, J., et. al. (2003) Dangerous targets? Unresolved issues and ideological clashes around marine protected areas. Aquatic Conservation, 13(4), 1-15.
Australian Department of the Environment and Heritage. (2006). Review of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Act of 1975.
Ballantine, W. J. (1991). Marine Reserves for New Zealand. Warkworth, New Zealand: UniversityofAuckland, Leigh Marine Laboratory.
Baumgardner, S., Chao, A., et. al. (2005) Presentation to National Student Ocean Summit. Washington, DC.
Biology NewsNet. (2007). Marine Reserves Could Save Coral Reefs. Retrieved November 2007, from: http://www.biologynews.net/archives/2007/05/14/marine_reserves_could_save_coral_reefs.html.
Bohlen, W. F. (1990). Ocean Disposal of Particulate Wastes.
Canadian Department of Oceans and Fisheries. (1999). Stock Assessment of Eastern Georges Bank Cod. Retrieved on 21 November 2007, from: http://www.mar.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/science/TRAC/reports%5CA3-04(1999)E.pdf.
China opens marine life biodiversity protection center. 11 October 2006. Xinhua General News Service.
Cole R. G., Villouta E., Davidson R. J. (2000). Direct evidence of limited dispersal of the reef fish Parapercis colias (Pinguipedidae) within a marine reserve and adjacent fish areas. Aquatic conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 10: 421-436.
Consentino, A. (2005). _The Italian System of Marine and Coastal Protected Areas._Global Forum on Coast and Islands, Lisbon, Portugal. Retrieved 20 November 2007, from: http://www.globaloceans.org/tops2005/pdf/AldoCosentino.pdf.
Davidson R. J., Villouta E., Cole R. G., Barrier R. G. F. (2002). Effects of marine reserve protection on spiny lobster (Jasus edwardsii) abundance and size at Tonga Island Marine Reserve,New Zealand. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 12: 213-227.
Duswn, A. (14 June 2007). America's Most Polluted Beaches. MSNBC.com. Retrieved November 2007, from: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/19214761/.
Ecological Society of America. (1997). Ecosystem Services: Benefits supplied to human societies by natural ecosystems. Issues in Ecology 2: pg. unkwn.
Evans, R. D., Russ, G. R. (2004). Larger biomass of targeted reef fish in no-take marine reserves on the Great Barrier Reef. Aquatic Conservation, 14(5): 505-519.
Flower Garden Banks, National Marine Sanctuary. (2007) From Snappers to Sanctuaries. Retrieved 21 November 2007, from: http://flowergarden.noaa.gov/about/history.html
Gell, F. R. and Roberts, C. M. (2003). The Fisheries Effects of Marine Reserves and Fisheries Closures. Washington,DC: World Wildlife Fund.
Goñi R., Quetglas A., Reñones O. (2006). Spillover of spiny lobsters Palinurus elephas from a marine reserve to an adjoining fishery. Marine Ecology Progress Series 308: 207-219.
Grafton, R. Q., Kompas, T., and Pham, V. H. (2006). The Economic Payoffs from Marine Reserves: Resource Rents in a Stochastic Environment. Economic Record 82(259): 469-480.
Greenpeace. (2007a) Whale Watching and Marine Sanctuaries. Retrieved 17 November 2007, from: http://www.greenpeace.org/new-zealand/campaigns/oceans/whales/whale-watching-sanctuary.
Greenpeace. (2007b). Iceland Stops Commercial Whale Hunt. Retrieved 17 November 2007, from: http://www.greenpeace.org/international/news/iceland-ends-commercial-whale-240807.
Greenpeace. (2003) Icelandic Whaling.. Retrieved 17 November 2007, from: http://www.greenpeace.org/international/campaigns/oceans/whaling/icelandic-whaling.
Guenétte, S., Pitcher T. J., Walters C. J. (2000). The Potential of Marine Reserves for the management of Northern Cod in Newfoundland. Bulletin of Marine Science, 66(3): 831-852.
Hahn, S. (2007, October 17) Historic new protections could save our shores. Metroactive (Santa Cruz,CA) online edition: http://www.metroactive.com/metro/10.17.07/news2-0742.html.
Helvarg, D. (2001). People in the Ocean, Seafood Diet? Blue frontier: Saving America's Livign Seas. New York, New York: W. H. Freeman and Company.
Hermsen, J. M., Collie, J. S., Valentine, P. C. (2003). Mobilefishing gear reduces benthic megafaunal production on Georges Bank_._ Marine Ecology Progress Series 260: 97-108.
Hyrenbach, D., Worm, B., Fonteneau, A., Gilman, E. (2007). Using Marine Reserves to Protect Highly Migratory Species: Scientists Discuss Potential Strategies, Including Mobile MPAs. MPA news 8: 1-3.
Information Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China. (1998). The Development of China's Marine Programs.
International Union for the Conservation of Nature. (2007). Protecting Oceans will help millions of people survive climate change. Retrieved November 2007, from: http://www.iucn.org/en/news/archive/2007/04/10_pr_oceans.htm+oceans+help+people+by&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=7&gl=us&client=firefox.
Johnson D. R., Funicelli N. A. , Bohnsack J. A. (1999). Effectiveness of an Existing Estuarine No-Take Fish Sanctuary within the Kennedy Space Center, Florida. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 19(2): 436-453.
Jones, P. (2004). Collective Action Problems Posed by No-Take Zones. London,United Kingdom: Remax House.
Kearny, B. (2000). National System of Protected Ocean Areas would Promote Ecosystem-based Approach to Conservation and Management. The National Academics. Retrieved November 2007, from: http://www8.nationalacademies.org/onpinews/newsitem.aspx?RecordID=9994.
Liu Y., Qiu J. Problems and possible solutions of our country's marine reserves. National Oceanic Administration Institute of Marine Development Strategy.
Madin, L. P. (2001). Fisheries, Oceanography and Society Symposium Series: Marine Protected Areas: Introduction and Summary. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Retrieved 15 November 2007, from: http://www.whoi.edu/page.do?pid=11342.
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