Suppose a soccer player is taking a corner kick. The 0.450 kg ball is launched at 45° from ground level and travels straight across the field (in the y direction in the diagram) until it is contacted by an attacking player's head at a height of 2.0 m above the ground 20.0 m horizontally from the point of the kick. After the header, the ball is travelling at the same speed as just before the header, but it is moving purely horizontally downfield (the x direction in the diagram). What is the impulse delivered to the player's head by the ball during the header?
System: Ball as a point particle subject to external influences from the earth (gravity) and the player's head (collision force).
Model: